• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for controlling a waste heat utilization system (20) for an internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle, wherein the waste heat utilization system (20) transmits at least one torque to the internal combustion engine (10) transferable and via a bypass flow path (25) bypassable expander (22), at least one evaporator (21) and at least one pump (24) for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator (21) in the region of the exhaust system (11) of the internal combustion engine (10) is arranged. In order to ensure an economical, safe and reliable operation of the waste heat utilization system (20), the expander (22) which can be operated in several operating modes is drive-connected in at least one operating mode to a secondary drive shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine (10). Based on at least one input variable from the group expander speed (n), gear information (GI), coasting information (CI), pressure (p1) and temperature (T1) of the equipment upstream of the expander (22) and / or pressure (p2) and temperature ( T2) downstream of the expander (22), an operating mode of at least two operating modes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) of the waste heat utilization system (20) is selected by the control device (30) and the waste heat utilization system (20) is operated in this operating mode, wherein a first operating mode (1) is associated with a warm-up phase of the expander (22), and a second operating mode (2) is associated with a normal operating phase of the expander (22). In the first mode of operation (1), the bypass flow path (25) is opened and the expander (22) is connected to a secondary drive shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine (10). In the second operating mode (2), the bypass flow path (25) is closed and the expander (22) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10).
    公开号:AT517911A1
    申请号:T50608/2015
    申请日:2015-07-10
    公开日:2017-05-15
    发明作者:Dipl Ing Glensvig Michael；Dipl Ing Neunteufl Klemens；Ing Dipl (Fh) Oswald Lackner；Dipl Ing Gradwohl Gerald；Bucher Michael；Cococcetta Fabio；Calaon Ivan
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；Fpt Ind；Iveco Spa；Mahle Amovis Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for controlling a waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine, wherein the waste heat recovery system at least one torque to the engine transmitting and bypassing a bypass flow expander, at least one evaporator and at least one pump for a resource, in particular ethanol, wherein at least the evaporator is arranged in the region of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a program logic for carrying out the method.
    The invention further relates to a waste heat utilization system for a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine via a drive train, with a control device for controlling the waste heat recovery system, wherein the waste heat recovery system at least one torque to the internal combustion engine and bypassable via a bypass flow expander, at least one evaporator and at least one pump for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator is arranged in the region of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.
    It is known to use waste heat from internal combustion engines. Such known as WHR (Waste Heat Recovery) systems convert the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine into, for example, mechanical or electrical energy. Such WHR systems are known for example from the publications US 8 635 871 A1, US 2011/0209473 A1 or US 2013/0186087 A1.
    The object of the invention is to ensure a safe and reliable operation of the waste heat recovery system.
    According to the invention, the expander which can be operated in several operating modes is drive-connected to a secondary drive shaft of the internal combustion engine in at least one operating mode, and that due to at least one input variable from the group expander speed, gear information, coasting information, pressure and temperature of the operating fluid upstream of the expander and / or pressure and temperature downstream of the expander is selected by the control means each an operating mode of at least two operating modes of the waste heat recovery system and the waste heat recovery system - preferably operated by driving at least one arranged in a bypass flow path of the expander bypass valve of the expander - in this mode of operation, wherein a first mode of operation of a warm-up phase of the expander, and a second operating mode is assigned to a normal operating phase of the expander, wherein in the first operating mode the bypass flow path ge opened and the expander is not connected to a power take-off shaft of the internal combustion engine, and the bypass flow path is closed in the second operating mode, and the expander is connected to a power take-off shaft of the internal combustion engine. The second operating mode is selected when the pressure and / or the temperature of the equipment downstream and / or upstream of the expander exceeds a defined value. Conversely, it is possible to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode when the pressure and / or the temperature of the operating means downstream and / or upstream of the expander exceeds a defined value.
    In the first operating mode, the bypass valve is opened, the starting device is deactivated. The equipment is thus passed past the expander, whereby the expander generates no torque. In the second operating mode, the bypass valve is closed, the starting device also deactivated. When the bypass valve is closed, the operating medium flows through the expander, which makes this work.
    It is particularly when a third operating mode is associated with at least one gear change phase. During a gear change, the waste heat recovery system is operated in response to the shift direction in this third mode of operation. The position of the bypass valve depends on the switching operation, in particular on the direction of the switching operation. During at least one downshift, the bypass flowpath of the expander remains closed and the power takeoff shaft is driven by the expander. During at least one upshift, the bypass flowpath of the expander is opened and / or the expander is disconnected from the power takeoff shaft. The gear information, in particular whether a downshift or an upshift is present, is supplied to the control device by a gearbox sensor of the transmission.
    It is particularly advantageous if the waste heat utilization system is operated in a fourth operating mode during at least one sailing operation of the vehicle, during at least one warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine and / or during at least one engine brake operation of the internal combustion engine. It is particularly advantageous if, in the fourth operating mode, the expander is not disconnected from the auxiliary drive shaft. Preferably, the expander of the secondary drive shaft is not separated until the torque of the expander falls below a defined value.
    Sailing operation is a torque-free operation of the vehicle understood in which the clutch between the engine and transmission is opened to reduce the resistance in the drive train.
    Whether a sailing operation of the vehicle is present or not, the control unit of the transmission or the clutch is communicated by means of Ausrollinformationen. The centrifugal clutch (overrunning clutch) separates the expander from the PTO shaft when the PTO shaft speed becomes higher than the speed of the expander. This is not possible to start the expander by the internal combustion engine.
    Therefore, especially in embodiments in which the expander via a centrifugal clutch is connectable to the PTO shaft, provided a fifth operating mode for the start of the expander. For the start of the expander, the waste heat utilization system is operated in the fifth operating mode, which provides that the expander is started by activating a starting device connected to the expander.
    In the first mode of operation and / or with the heat recovery system inactive, the expander is bypassed via the bypass flowpath and / or disconnected (by the shiftable clutch or centrifugal clutch) from the PTO shaft when the bypass valve is open.
    To safely avoid damage to the waste heat recovery system, it is contemplated by the invention that the bypass flow path of the expander be closed when the waste heat recovery system resource is in an overheated condition. In the case of a shiftable clutch between the secondary drive shaft and expander may additionally be provided that the expander is drivingly connected to the PTO shaft when the resources of the waste heat recovery system downstream of the expander is in an overheated state and / or if the Expanderdrehzahl exceeds a defined value and / or the speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a defined value.
    When the waste heat recovery system resource is in a non-overheated condition upstream of the expander or when the engine is shut down, the expander may be disconnected from the power take off shaft without the risk of exceeding a critical speed.
    The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting figures.
    It show schematically
    1 shows a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine with a control device according to the invention in a first embodiment,
    2 shows the operating modes of this control device,
    3 shows a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine with a control device according to the invention in a second embodiment and
    4 shows the operating modes of this control device.
    In the illustrated embodiments, functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals.
    1 and 3 each show an internal combustion engine 10 with an exhaust system 11, in which an exhaust aftertreatment device 12 - for example, a diesel oxidation catalyst 12, a diesel particulate filter 12b and an SCR catalyst 12c (SCR - selective catalytic reduction) - is arranged. The internal combustion engine 10 has a drive train 13 with a crankshaft 14, a clutch 15 and a (gear) transmission 16, which acts on the drive shaft 17 of the drive wheels 18.
    Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 10 has a waste heat utilization system 20 for utilizing the exhaust gas values of the exhaust system 11 of the internal combustion engine 10. The waste heat utilization system 20 has an evaporator 21, which is arranged downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 12 in the region of the exhaust system 11. The example according to the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) functioning waste heat recovery system 20 has downstream of the evaporator 21 in the resource circuit an expander 22 and a capacitor 23, and a pump 24 for the resource. As a resource, for example, ethanol can be used. To bypass the expander 22, an environmental conduit 25 with a bypass valve 26 is provided. The evaporator 21 can be bypassed on the exhaust side via a bypass line 36 and a bypass valve 37, when the exhaust heat for the evaporator 21 is too high, or the system pressure exceeds a defined value, or the cooling system is excessively loaded, or the waste heat recovery system 20 is in a failure mode , or in pure engine operation, without engine brake. The activation of the bypass valve 37 takes place as a function of at least one of the operating parameters from the group of fan power, system pressure, system temperature and mass flow of the operating medium.
    For controlling the waste heat utilization system 20, a control device 30 is provided which has a program logic 31 which is designed to select the most suitable operating mode from the plurality of operating modes 1 to 4 or 1 to 5 for the operation of the waste heat recovery system 20. The selection of the most suitable operating mode takes place on the basis of at least one of the input variables of the control device 30, namely: Expanderdrehzahl n, gear information Gl, Ausrollinformation CI, pressure pi, temperature Ti of the resource upstream of the expander 22, and the pressure p2, and the temperature T2 of the resource downstream of the expander 22. For detecting the parameter pressures pi, p2 and temperatures Ti, T2, pressure sensors 32, 33 and temperature sensors 34, 35 are provided upstream and downstream of the expander 22 in the resource cycle of the waste heat recovery system 20. The pressure sensors 32, 33 and temperature sensors 34, 35 are in communication with the control device 30. The gear information Gl and Ausrollinforation CI are provided, for example, from suitable donors in the transmission 16 of the control device 30.
    In the first embodiment variant shown in FIG. 1, the expander 22 is connected to the auxiliary drive shaft 19 of the internal combustion engine 10 via a shiftable clutch 28. The switchable clutch 28 is controlled by the controller 30. It makes it possible to start the expander 22 via the internal combustion engine 10 by closing the clutch 28.
    2, the operating modes of this first embodiment are shown. The following operating modes can be carried out with the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 1:
    First mode of operation 1 is performed during the warm-up phase of the expander 22; In operating mode 1, the bypass valve 26 is opened, so that the operating medium is guided past the expander 22.
    Second Operating Mode 2: This operating mode 2 is assigned to the normal operation of the expander 22. As soon as the pressure p2 and / or the temperature T2 of the operating medium downstream of the expander 22 exceeds a defined value or defined values, the operating mode 2 is activated.
    Third Operation Mode 3: This operation mode 3 is for gear change operations of the transmission 16. During the downshift, the bypass valve 26 is closed.
    The PTO shaft 19 is driven by the expander 22 and the torque of the expander 22 is used, while the rotational speed of the crankshaft 14 of the internal combustion engine 10 and the rotational speed of the transmission 16 are synchronized. The clutch 15 is open. Thereby, the amount of fuel for acceleration of the internal combustion engine 10 can be reduced. Furthermore, during the switching process, a certain engine speed can be maintained. Thus, the exhaust heat can be used downstream of the exhaust aftertreatment device 12 for bridging torque drops during switching breaks. During the upshift, the bypass valve 26 of the expander 22 is opened and - with switchable clutch 28 - the expander 22 separated by opening the switchable clutch 28 of the PTO shaft 19. This avoids that torque is transmitted from the expander 22 to the internal combustion engine 10.
    Fourth Operating Mode 4: This operating mode 4 is used during the sailing operation, the warm-up operation, and / or the engine braking operation of the internal combustion engine 10. In sailing operation, the vehicle rolls without torque transmission between internal combustion engine 10 and drive wheels 18, generally with the clutch 15 open. The bypass valve 26 is closed in operating mode 4 in order to transmit torque from the expander 22 to the internal combustion engine 10. As a result - especially when the clutch 15 is open - the fuel consumption at idle reduced. If a high torque is available from the expander 22, the clutch 15 may be closed until the torque of the expander 22 falls below a defined value.
    The second embodiment variant shown in FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 1 in that, instead of the shiftable clutch 28, an overrunning clutch 29a and a centrifugal braking device 29b are provided for connecting the expander 22 to the auxiliary drive shaft 19 of the internal combustion engine 10.
    To start the expander 22, in addition to the above-mentioned operation modes 1 to 4, the controller 30 may execute a fifth operation mode 5 to start the expander 22 with an internal or external starting device 27 (see FIGS. 3, 4).
    In order to avoid that the expander 22 can be operated at overspeed and thereby damaged, the control device 30 provides special security measures. Thus, the bypass valve 26 is closed only when the resource is in an overheated condition, that is, for example, when the resource ethanol is in the gas phase. Another safety measure is that the bypass valve 26 is opened when a gear shift to a higher gear is performed. In particular, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 with overrunning clutch 29a and centrifugal brake device 29b no further steps are required.
    In the embodiment variant shown in Fig. 1 with a switchable coupling 28, the bypass valve 26 and the switchable coupling 28 are closed only when the equipment is in an overheated state, that is, for example, when the resource ethanol is in gas phase. In a gear change to a higher gear both the bypass valve 26, and the switchable clutch 28 are opened.
    The switchable clutch 28 is thus closed when the operating means is in an overheated state, or when the speed n of the expander 22 and / or the speed of the internal combustion engine 10 is above a defined value. The switchable clutch 28 is thus opened when the expander 22 is in a non-overheated condition. The clutch 28 is also then opened, and the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10 from an activated to a deactivated state in, so when the internal combustion engine 10 is turned off.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1]
    A method for controlling a waste heat utilization system (20) for an internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle, wherein the waste heat utilization system (20) at least one torque to the internal combustion engine (10) and at least one bypassable over a bypass flow path (25) expander (22) Evaporator (21) and at least one pump (24) for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator (21) in the region of the exhaust system (11) of the internal combustion engine (10) is arranged, characterized in that in several Operating modes operable expander (22) in at least one operating mode with a PTO shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine is drivingly connected, and that due to at least one input from the group expander speed (n), gear information (Gl), coasting information (CI), pressure (Pi) and temperature (Ti) of the resource upstream of the expander (22) and / or pressure (p2) and temperature (T2) downstream An operating mode of at least two operating modes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) of the waste heat utilization system (20) is selected by the control device (30) of the expander (22) and the waste heat utilization system (20), preferably by controlling at least one in a bypass flow path (25) of the expander (22) arranged bypass valve (26) of the expander (22) is operated in this operating mode, wherein a first operating mode (1) a warm-up phase of the expander (22), and a second operating mode (2) Normal operating phase of the expander (22) is assigned, wherein in the first operating mode (1) the bypass flow path (26) open and the expander (22) with a PTO shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine (10) is not connected, and wherein in the second operating mode of the bypass flow path (25) is closed and the expander (22) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10), wherein preferably the second operating mode (2) is selected when the Dru ck (p2) and / or the temperature (T2) of the resource upstream and / or downstream of the expander (22) exceeds a defined value.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second operating mode is changed to the first operating mode when the pressure (Pi) and / or the temperature (Ti) of the operating medium upstream of the expander (22) exceeds a defined value.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the waste heat recovery system (20) is operated in a third operating mode (3) during at least one gear change.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that during at least one downshift a Umgehungsströmungsweg (25) of the expander (22) is closed and the secondary drive shaft (19) by the expander (22) is driven.
    [5]
    5. The method of claim 3 or 4, characterized in that during at least one upshift a Umgehungsströmungsweg (25) of the expander (22) is opened and / or the expander (22) of the PTO shaft (19) is disconnected.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the waste heat recovery system (20) in a fourth operating mode (4) during at least one sailing operation of the vehicle during at least one warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine (10) and / or at least one engine braking operation of Internal combustion engine (10) is operated, preferably in the fourth operating mode (4) of the bypass flow path (25) is closed.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that in the fourth operating mode, the expander (22) is separated from the secondary drive shaft (19), wherein preferably the expander (22) of the secondary drive shaft (19) is only separated when the torque of the expander (22) falls below a defined value.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the waste heat utilization system (20) in a fifth operating mode (5) during at least one start phase of the expander (22) is operated, wherein the expander (22) by activating one with the Expander (22) connected starting device (27) is started.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the expander (22) in the first operating mode (1) and / or inactive waste heat utilization system (20) is separated from the power take-off shaft (19).
    [10]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bypass flow path (25) of the expander (22) is closed when the resource of the waste heat recovery system (20) is in an overheated condition.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the expander (22) is drivingly connected to the PTO shaft (19) when the resources of the waste heat recovery system (20) downstream of the expander (22) is in an overheated state and / or if the expander speed (n) exceeds a defined value and / or the speed of the internal combustion engine (10) exceeds a defined value.
    [12]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the expander (22) is disconnected from the power take-off shaft (19) when the resource of the waste heat recovery system (20) is in a non-overheated condition upstream of the expander (22) or when the internal combustion engine (10) is turned off.
    [13]
    13. waste heat utilization system (20) for a by an internal combustion engine (10) via a drive train (13) driven motor vehicle, with a control device (30) for controlling the waste heat recovery system (20), wherein the waste heat recovery system (20) at least one torque to the internal combustion engine (10 ) at least one evaporator (21) and at least one pump (24) for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator (21) in the region of the exhaust system ( 11) of the internal combustion engine (10) is arranged, characterized in that the operable in a plurality of operating modes expander (22) in at least one operating mode with a secondary drive shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine (10) is drive-connected, and that due to at least one input from the Group expander speed (n), gear information (Gl), coast information (CI), pressure (Pi) and temperature r (Ti) of the resource upstream of the expander (22) and / or pressure (p2) and temperature (T2) downstream of the expander (22) by the control device (30) each have an operating mode of at least two operating modes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) of the expander (22) is selectable and the expander (22) - preferably by driving at least one in a bypass flow path (25) of the expander (22) arranged bypass valve (26) - operable in this mode of operation, wherein a first mode of operation (1) a warm-up phase of the waste heat recovery system (20), and a second operating mode (2) is associated with a normal operating phase of the expander (22), wherein in the first operating mode (1) the bypass flow path (25) open and in the second operating mode (2) the bypass flow path (25) is closed.
    [14]
    14. Waste heat utilization system (20) according to claim 13, characterized in that a third operating mode (3) is associated with at least one gear change phase.
    [15]
    15. waste heat utilization system (20) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that a fourth operating mode (4) is associated with at least one sailing operation of the motor vehicle, at least one warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine (10) and / or at least one engine braking operation of the internal combustion engine (10), wherein preferably in the fourth operating mode (4), the bypass flow path (25) is closable.
    [16]
    16. Waste heat utilization system (20) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that in at least one operating mode, preferably in the fourth operating mode (4), the expander (22) of the PTO shaft (19) is separable.
    [17]
    17. Waste heat utilization system (20) according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the expander (22) in the first operating mode and / or inactive waste heat recovery system (20) from the secondary drive shaft (19) is separable.
    [18]
    18. waste heat utilization system (20) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the expander (22) is connected at least to a starting device (27), wherein in at least one start phase of the expander (22) associated fifth operating mode of the expander ( 22) by activating the external starting device (27) is bootable. (Fig. 3, 4)
    [19]
    19. waste heat recovery system (20) according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the expander (22) via at least one switchable coupling (28) with the auxiliary drive shaft (19) is connectable or separable from this.
    [20]
    20. waste heat recovery system (20) according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the expander (22) via at least one one-way clutch (29a) with the PTO shaft (19) is connectable, preferably between the one-way clutch (29a) and the expander (22) at least one centrifugal force braking device (29b) is arranged.
    [21]
    21. Program logic for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 12. 2015 07 10 Fu
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    US20200088069A1|2020-03-19|
    US10858961B2|2020-12-08|
    CN107896502A|2018-04-10|
    WO2017008094A1|2017-01-19|
    EP3320190B1|2019-03-20|
    EP3320190A1|2018-05-16|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50608/2015A|AT517911B1|2015-07-10|2015-07-10|METHOD AND CONTROL OF A WASTE-USE SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|ATA50608/2015A| AT517911B1|2015-07-10|2015-07-10|METHOD AND CONTROL OF A WASTE-USE SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    CN201680040637.0A| CN107896502B|2015-07-10|2016-07-11|Method for controlling waste heat utilization system of internal combustion engine|
    US15/743,184| US10858961B2|2015-07-10|2016-07-11|Method for controlling a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine|
    PCT/AT2016/050246| WO2017008094A1|2015-07-10|2016-07-11|Method for controlling a waste-heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine|
    EP16740953.1A| EP3320190B1|2015-07-10|2016-07-11|Method for controlling a waste-heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine|
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